Realism of 3D City Urban Model using LiDAR and IKONOS data for Security Hotspot Analysis

Security aspect during public events is becoming one of the intriguing issues which take serious attention especially when there is presence of the very important person (VIP). The advancement of recent spatial technology has been publicly realized and intensively being used for security purposes. This paper highlights the study on realism of 3D city urban model for security hotspot analysis using remote sensing data and spatial analysis approach. New advanced remote sensing data, namely LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and IKONOS were used to obtain the spatial information of the urban features which used to simulate the 3D urban city model. This study examines the threat from the shooter using viewshed and distance analysis on 3D urban city model of Dataran Merdeka, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, one of the most frequent selected venue for many public events. Extraction of the buildings height and location is carried out using the LiDAR techniques. The high resolution image of IKONOS is used for spatial distance analysis. The texture of the urban features, especially buildings is acquired conventionally through ground observation using non metric camera. Three types of firearm were selected in this study is handgun, rifle, and sniper rifle. The firearm is chosen based on their capabilities of shooting on different effective range and their resulted damage. The result of the study is the identification of the possible location for shooting activities. The rainfall effect on the shooting capability is also taking into accounts in the study. In situ verifications of the possible security hotspots in the study area is carried out to evaluate the accuracy of the hotspots analysis.